From IEEE MAGAZINES AUTHOR GUIDELINES at
www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/magazines/author99.pdf
Jan 2002
E. References
A numbered list of references may be provided at the end of the
article as a separate page or pages of the manuscript. The list should
be arranged in the order of citation in text, not in alphabetical order.
List only one reference per reference number.
Each reference number should be enclosed by square brackets. In
text, citations of references may be given simply as “in [1],” rather
than as “in reference [1].” Similarly, it is not necessary to mention the
authors of a reference unless the mention is relevant to the text. It is
almost never useful to give dates of references in text. These will usually
be deleted by staff editors if included. Please do not use a word
processor’s automatic numbering feature.
Footnotes or other words and phrases that are not part of the reference
format do not belong on the reference list. Phrases such as
“For example,” should not introduce references in the list, but should
instead be given in parentheses in text, followed by the reference
number, i.e., “For example, see [5].”
Sample correct formats for various types of references are as follows.
Books:
[1] O.T. Zimmerman and I. Lavine, Conversion Factors and Tables,
Dover, NH: Industrial Research Service, 1961.
[2] G.O. Young, “Synthetic stru c t u re of industrial plastics,” in
P l a stics, vol. 3, Polymers of Hexadromicon, J. Peters, ed., 2nd ed.,
New York: McGraw Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64.
Periodicals:
[3] M.A. McHenry and D.C. Chang, “Coupled-mode theory of two
non-parallel dielectric wavelengths,” IEEE Trans. Micro w a v e
Theory Tech., vol. 43, pp. 1469-1475, Nov. 1994.
Articles from published conference proceedings:
[4] D.B. Payne and J.R. Stern, “Wavelength-switched passively
coupled single-mode optical network,” in Proc. IOOC-ECOC ’85,
1985, p. 585.
Papers presented at conferences (unpublished):
[5] D. Ebehard and E. Voges, “Digital single sideband detection for
interferometric sensors,” presented at 2nd Int. Conf. Optical
Fiber Sensors, Stuttgart, F.R.G., 1984.
Technical reports:
[6] E.E. Reber, R.L. Mitchell, and C.J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption
in the earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA,
Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1968.
F. References–Electronic Sources
The guidelines for citing electronic information as offered below
subscribes to the International Standards Organization (ISO) documentation
system.
Journal Articles:
Author, Title, Journal [Type of medium], volume (issue), pagi-nation
if given, (year, month). Available: Directory: File:
Example:
[1] R. Lazarus, “Self-similar solutions for converging schocks and
collapsing cavities,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., [online], vol. 21,
(no. 4), pp. 876-880, (Aug. 1993), Available http://www.halcy-on.
com/ pub/journals/21ps04-lazarus.
Material Obtained Through Loose-Leaf, Computer,
or Information Services
References to material obtained through computer services or
information services are treated like first references to original print-ed
material except that the usual information is followed by the
name of the service, the name of the service provider, and the acces-sion
or identifying numbers within the service.
Example:
[2] R. J. Vidmar, “On the use of atmospheric plasmas as electro-magnetic
reflectors,” IEEE Trans. Electromag. Compat., vol. 21,
no. 3, pp. 238-244, Aug. 1992. Dialog, ERIC, ED 152318.
Computer Programs and Electronic Documents
The ISO recommends that capitalization follow the accepted practice
for the language or script in which the information is given.
Example:
[3] S. H. Gold, “Study of gain in C-band deflection cavities,” in
Computer Knowledge [electronic bulletin board], s.l. July 2
1993-; [cited Dec. 12, 1993], Available listserv@NETFIN.
BITNET.
[4] R. Chew, “A comparison of RF electrode models,” in MD Net
[database online], Bethesda MD; National Library of Medicine,
1994 [cited Nov. 1994]. Identifier no. D000162 [52 lines].
[5] D. Shamlo, “Electronic marketing and identifying techniques,”
in Electronic Guide [database online]. New York: Computer
Wire, 1989 [updated May 23, 1989; cited March 12, 1992].
Accession no. 004082; NO=RE436. 4 screens. Available from
DIALOG Information Services, Inc., Palo Alto, CA.
Please use consistent typefaces on all your figures. The best type-faces
for labels are Helvetica and Universe. IEEE Magazine style calls
for labels to be upper and lower case. For best results, all of your fig-ures
should be the same size (width length) whenever possible. For
scanned graphics the original material should be no larger than
(22 x 28 cm) 8 1/2" x 11" .