Binns, Edward. The Anatomy of Sleep; or, The Art of Procuring Sound and Refreshing Slumber at Will. 2nd Ed. With annotations and additions by the Earl Stanhope. London: J. Churchill, 1845.
ARB QP425 .B63 1845
Also the author of Prodromus Towards a Philosophical Inquiry into the Intellectual Powers of the Negro, Edward Binns, M.D., presents a novel approach (for his time) into the function and art of sleep. In sixteen chapters, Binns covers everything from types and definitions of sleep, to nervous system function, to curative dreams, to the effects of narcotics on sleep, to sleep-related disorders like somnambulism, catalepsy, hallucination, and sleeplessness. Binns not only recounts numerous case studies but also details ancient accounts of dreams, like those recorded by the Egyptians.

Braid, James. Neurypnology; or, The Rationale of Nervous Sleep, Considered in Relation with Animal Magnetism. Illustrated by Numerous Cases of its Successful Application in the Relief and Cure of Disease. London: J. Churchill, 1843.
ARB BF1131 .B8 1843
This book was donated to the library by Wm. A. Procter. It is in somewhat fragile condition, with a few pages ripped or dislodged, and a deteriorating binding. However, it is completely readable and entirely fascinating. James Braid (1795 – 1860) was a skeptic of the practices of animal magnetists and mesmerists but, after attending some of their conversationes, he noticed something curious: often when the procedure succeeded the patient was unable to open his/her eyes. This discovery led Braid to develop his practice of Neurypnology (Neuro-Hypnology), which was based completely in the science of the nervous system. Braid was able to consistently, successfully hypnotize patients by having them stare at an object at a certain angle and distance, instructing them to keep their minds and eyes fixed on said object. This paralyzed the levator muscles of the eyelids and produced a “nervous sleep” that could be made excitatory or torpid, depending on the techniques that followed. In his book, Braid, a surgeon, outlines the ways in which he came to experiment with hypnotism and the ways in which it should and should not be practiced.

Freud, Sigmund. Collected papers, vol. 2: Clinical Papers; Papers on Technique. Authorized translation under the supervision of Joan Riviere. London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1956.
ARB BF173 .F672 1956 v.2
Though this volume is largely concerned with sexual development and desires, a few dream experiences are recounted within the case studies. Most notably, however, psychoanalysis of dreams is discussed in the technical papers found in the second section of the book. Freud outlines what is already known about dream analysis, the difficulties of dream interpretation, and the instances in which it should be used.

Freud, Sigmund. Collected papers, vol. 4: Papers on Metapsychology; Papers on Applied Psycho-Analysis. Authorized translation under the supervision of Joan Riviere. London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1956.
ARB: BF173 .F672 1956 v.4
The two sections of this book – metapsychology and psycho-analysis – both have correlates in the realm of Freud’s theory of dreams. In his metapsychology papers, Freud outlines the unconscious and a metapsychological supplement to his theory of dreams. In Freud’s applied psycho-analytic papers, more specific topics are addressed like the relation of the poet to day-dreaming, the occurrence in dreams of material from fairy tales, dreams and telepathy, and so on. Contrary to the previous volume the papers in this volume take a generalized approach and are theoretical, rather than clinical, in nature.

Gottschalk, Louis A. How to Understand and Analyze Your Own Dreams. 1st Ed. New York: Vantage Press, 1975.
C.U.803 .G67ho 1975
Part of ARB’s University Archives, How to Understand and Analyze your own Dreams was written by Louis A. Gottschalk, a research professor in psychiatry at the University of Cincinnati from 1953 – 1967. In his book, Gottschalk outlines the psychology of dreaming, dream analysis and interpretation, methods of self-analysis, how to analyze a series of dreams, recurrent dreams, and limitations in the analysis of one’s dreams. His approach is largely Freudian; however, instead of recommending dream analysis for patients with mental disorders and keeping the job of interpretation in the hands of scientific professionals, Gottschalk has written this book so that lay people may begin exploring their own dreams, expanding their own minds and experiences.

Grant, Alexander Henley. The Literature and Curiosities of Dreams: A Commonplace Book of Speculations Concerning the Mystery of Dreams and Visions, Records of Curious and Well-Authenticated Dreams, and Notes on the Various Modes of Interpretation Adopted in Ancient and Modern Times. Two Vols. London: Chapman and Hall, 1865.
ARB BF1078 .G5 v. 1, v. 2 (Fragile Condition)
As the title implies, this book covers dreams in relation to systems of divination, the causes, phenomena, and origin of dreams, the opinions of ancient to modern thinkers, dreams as argument for immortality, dreams as prophetic or premonitory, the moral uses of dreams, and the state of the mind in sleep and dreams. Though much longer, and with more of a religious slant, Grant’s book is similar to Gray’s (outlined below). Unfortunately, both of Grant’s volumes are in extremely fragile condition and should only be handled with the utmost care.

Gray, Robert. The Theory of Dreams: In Which an Inquiry is Made into the Powers and Faculties of the Human Mind as They are Illustrated in the Most Remarkable Dreams Recorded in Sacred and Profane History. Two Vols. London: Printed for F.C. and J. Rivington, 1808.
ARB BF1078 .G7 v. 1, V. 2
Part of the Robert Clarke Collection, these volumes were just 2 of 6,792 donated to UC Libraries by Wm. A. Procter after he purchased Cincinnati publisher Robert Clarke’s personal library. Volume one is largely a history of dreams - Gray discusses the influence of ancient dreams and the role of such dreams in the founding of both Jewish and Christian faiths. The volume ends with dreams that are related in modern accounts, a topic that is discussed further in volume two. Volume two focuses on the nature of dreams and the influences of the mind and body on them. Gray discusses dreams which engage waking attention and ends with an overview of the fictitious use of dreams in literature.

Irwin, Lee. The Dream Seekers: Native American Visionary Traditions of the Great Plains. Foreword by Vine Deloria, Jr. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1994.
ARB REF E78.G73 I76 1994
This is the book that inspired my entire project. In American culture, sleeping and waking life are considered a dichotomy; dreams are thought to be interesting, but only from a Freudian perspective; they most certainly do not have a role in our daily life or religious ceremonies. After reading Irwin’s book, I was in awe of the way Native Americans revered their dreams, or visions. Within a completely scholarly framework, Irwin details and analyzes the role of dreams in Native American religion and society. He provides over 300 examples of Native American dreams that were recorded by ethnographers and simultaneously explains the significance of said dreams. For Native Americans, dreaming and waking were not two separate ends of a spectrum; existence was enfolded within itself and reason was not put up on a pedestal, as it is in our culture – it was only as important as everything else. Therefore, in terms of dreams, anything was possible and nothing was considered ridiculous; dreams were not devalued. They often influenced career paths of individuals, social gatherings, and religious events.

Winget, Carolyn & Milton Kramer. Dimensions of Dreams. Gainesville : University Presses of Florida, 1979.
C.U.803 .W5di
Carolyn Winget was a research associate in UC’s Psychiatry department, mainly active during the 1970s. She published regularly, sometimes working with Gottschalk, whose work is featured above. Her Dimensions of Dreams provides a detailed analysis of the state and nature of dream research in 1979. Essentially a review of dream research, the book is 414 pages written in scientific language. From methodological problems in the psychological study of dreams, to methods of objectifying dream content, to compilations of data from previous dream studies, Winget’s book provides the reader with a comprehensive understanding of how complicated, yet exciting, dream research can be.